The three themes of this chapter develop upon the nature of the neuromodulatory response. First, the neuromodulatory response is shaped by multiple second messenger pathways acting within positive and ...

We present evidence that direct activation of neuronal second messenger pathways in PC12 cells by opening voltage-dependent calcium channels mimics cell adhesion molecule (CAM)-induced differentiation ...

A new study describes the development of a cAMP analogue that specifically activates only Epac2, one of several cAMP-responsive proteins. Furthermore, the analogue activates Epac2 more potently than ...

Signal transduction is the term for the process which causes chemical and physical signals to be transmitted within a cell as a series of molecular events. The most common signal transduction process ...