Dr. Tom McClelland argues that there is no reliable way to know whether AI is conscious, and that this uncertainty may never ...

Consciousness has long resisted neat explanations, but a growing body of research suggests the problem may lie in how we ...

The universe has no brain. It has no gray matter, no nervous system, no neurons firing electrical impulses—and yet, that ...

What if our understanding of consciousness has been missing the point by trying to compare it to software? The debate on the ...

Consciousness may emerge not from code, but from the way living brains physically compute.

A new theoretical framework argues that the long-standing split between computational functionalism and biological naturalism misses how real brains actually compute.

The origins of consciousness date back about 540 million years ago, when animal bodies became more complex. Feelings like ...

The familiar fight between “mind as software” and “mind as biology” may be a false choice. This work proposes biological computationalism: the idea that brains compute, but not in the abstract, symbol ...

Consciousness is a paradox – both intimately knowable and nearly impossible to pin down. As humans, we know we have it but haven't a clue how it arises. It's a facet of intelligent life so nebulous ...

Scientists have long been trying to understand human consciousness—the subjective "stuff" of thoughts and sensations inside our minds. There used to be an assumption that consciousness is produced by ...

If you have ever experienced the majestic sunrise ascent of a hot air balloon, either as a passenger or pilot, you know that moment of liftoff — that feeling of being lighter than air and of gently ...

Peter Carruthers, Distinguished University Professor of Philosophy at the University of Maryland, College Park, is an expert on the philosophy of mind who draws heavily on empirical psychology and ...