A major question in evolutionary biology is how mating patterns affect the fitness of offspring. However, in animals and seed plants it is virtually impossible to investigate the effects of specific ...

Since the emergence of molecular genetics more than 50 years ago, scientists have tried to isolate haploid mammalian cells, that is, cells with half the number of chromosomes contained in somatic ...

Haploid plants, which carry only a single set of chromosomes, are typically sterile, making them valuable but difficult to use in breeding. A rare peach haploid mutant, '9-D', surprisingly exhibited ...

What establishes the male or female sex of an ant? In humans, it is X and Y chromosomes that assume this function: Women have two X chromosomes while men have one X and one Y chromosome. In ants, bees ...