Parasites often cause changes in the growth and reproduction of their hosts. For example, during parasitic infections, tiny algae-eating crustaceans known as water fleas sometimes become sterile and ...

Dozens of spiny water fleas are entangled on a fishing line. The animals, which are smaller than a fingernail and invasive in the Northeast, are often transported between water bodies on fishing ...

This story originally featured on Outdoor Life. It seems that the next troublesome invasive species in the Upper Midwest is a tiny one. The spiny water flea has been latching onto fishing equipment, ...

Biologists sized up an unlikely natural phenomenon: when parasitism actually causes the number of hosts to increase, an effect known as a hydra effect. A study of common water fleas and their fungal ...